Original research

Treatment outcomes of Acinetobacter baumannii-associated pneumonia and/or bacteraemia at the intensive care unit of Universitas Academic Hospital, Bloemfontein, South Africa

SD Maasdorp, S Potgieter, E Glover, G Joubert

Abstract


Background. Nosocomial infection with multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii is associated with high mortality rates and the optimal treatment regimen is uncertain. 

Objectives. To compare outcomes, as well as ICU and in-hospital survival rates of patients with A. baumannii pneumonia and/or bacteraemia who were treated with colistin monotherapy v. colistin/tigecycline combination therapy. 

Methods. This was a retrospective cross-sectional study of patients admitted to the multidisciplinary ICU of Universitas Academic Hospital, Bloemfontein, South Africa, between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2019. 

Results. Sixteen patients were included in the study. Nine patients were treated with a combination of colistin and tigecycline, while 7 patients were treated with colistin only. Seven out of 9 (77.8%) patients in the colistin/tigecycline combination therapy group were treated successfully and survived until discharge from ICU, as opposed to 2 out of 7 (28.6%) in the colistin monotherapy group (relative risk (RR) 2.7; 95% CI 0.80 - 9.24). Five out of 9 (55.6%) in the colistin/tigecycline combination therapy group v. 2 out of 7 (28.6%) in the colistin monotherapy group survived until discharge from hospital (RR 1.94; 95% CI 0.53 - 7.20). 

Conclusion. Although ICU survival in patients with A. baumannii infection was better when treated with colistin/tigecycline combination therapy compared with colistin monotherapy, a statistically significant difference could not be detected. Adequately powered prospective clinical trials are required to detect statistically significant differences in treatment outcomes.


Authors' affiliations

SD Maasdorp, Divisions of Pulmonology and Critical Care, Departments of Internal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa

S Potgieter, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa

E Glover, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa

G Joubert, Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa

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African Journal of Thoracic and Critical Care Medicine 2021;27(1):14. DOI:10.7196/AJTCCM.2021.v27i1.122

Article History

Date submitted: 2021-03-09
Date published: 2021-03-09

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